The latest official U.S. macroeconomic data readings, to be imminently released, are front of mind for central banks and global financial markets.

The U.S. federal government shutdown has had the effect of delaying several significant data releases on inflation, labour markets and economic activity. However, with the shutdown ending, many anticipate a flurry of data.

Global markets are closely watching the imminent release of delayed official macroeconomic statistics from the Bureau of Economic Analysis, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and other key agencies. That said, the scope of the releases is yet to be determined, and some data may never be released, perhaps due to the lack of staffing to conduct surveys and collect information.

In the latest developments, the White House has indicated that the October consumer prices index and employment situation reports (which includes the critical figures on the change in non-farm payroll employment) likely will not be released. This leaves policymakers and markets in a quandary - does the U.S. administration have something to hide, or is it simply not possible or feasible to produce retrospective data during the circumstances of a record government shutdown?

There are a range of views on what might transpire in the months ahead. Some surmise that the U.S. economy is poised to pick up, with private sector measures of payroll growth slowing but remaining resilient. On this view, sticky services prices and goods reflation are driving persistent upside risks relative to the U.S. Federal Reserve's inflation target. Asset prices are adding fuel to the engine of growth - exuberant stock market and credit valuations are buoying confidence and driving a continuation of U.S. dynamism and exceptionalism.

Others highlight that U.S. economic activity remains remarkably concentrated in capital expenditures relating to the AI sector, without which the U.S. is either staring down a recession or has already entered one. Pervasive and widespread downside risks to the labour market are seen as the justification for further policy easing to support a fragile and fractured heartland, with the American dream only barely alive for many lower and middle-class families facing hardship and an uncertain future.

Caught somewhere in the middle between these polarised narratives, markets are nervously awaiting official readings on the underlying pulse of U.S. macroeconomic conditions, and the likely policy responses from the Federal Reserve and U.S. Administration.

Sound risk management principles suggest that U.S. fiscal and monetary policymakers are likely to discount individual data points on employment growth and core inflation �' even if they prove benign �' in order to sure up consumer and investor confidence.

This is an oft-repeated dynamic at times of heightened uncertainty - policymakers tend to focus on their (admittedly subjective and error-prone) interpretation of the underlying momentum and pulse from the data. Markets don't necessarily fare any better. Pricing often over-reacts on immediate attention-grabbing headlines. The unambiguously strong domestic employment figures for October are another manifestation of this phenomenon, and followed an unquestionably weak print in September. The RBA will undoubtedly be encouraged by the fact that, inflation aside, its near-term forecasts have been progressively realised to date, as markets reprice away from further policy easing.

As always, the truth is somewhere in the middle of all of these competing forces, and it pays to take out insurance against tail risks being realised. Following the same principles of risk management and least regret alluded to above, investors searching for stability in these uncertain times may wish to consider defensive allocations as part of their investment strategy, while staying grounded in fundamentals and attentive to policy signals to make informed, confident decisions.

Indonesia's President Prabowo Subianto has an ambitious target to reach 8% annualised GDP growth by 2029. This would represent a sharp acceleration from an annual growth rate of ~5% for most of the past decade.

Chart 1: Indonesia's annualised GDP growth

Source: Trading Economics.

Unlike other economies, however, Indonesia is one of the least leveraged countries in the world. With government debt-to-GDP below 40%, there is ample room to spend to lift economic growth.

Chart 2: 2024 government debt-to-GDP for selected countries

Source: Trading Economics.

Typical of years following the election of new Indonesian presidents, government spending and economic activity has been weak in 2025. This presents the potential for a rebound in 2026 as newly installed government ministers and SOE leadership teams begin to execute on key programs and strategies.

To support this growth agenda, a new growth-focused Minister of Finance, Purbaya Yudi Sadewa, took office in September 2025. We are beginning to see the initial impacts of his changes to monetary and fiscal policy, with money supply growth jumping from mid-single digits in August to nearly 20% YoY in September. This will likely help to kick-start the economy into next year.

Chart 3: BI adjusted M0 growth versus M2 versus loans growth (% YoY)

Source: BofA Global Research.

In addition to low leverage, Indonesia is rich in natural resources, notably critical minerals such as nickel. In an inflationary world, these resources represent assets to the Indonesian economy which can continue to fetch ever-higher prices, supporting a stronger current account.

Chart 4: Indonesia plays a significant role in the global supply of some mineral and agricultural goods

Source: International Trade Center, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, USGS, CEIC, Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research.

Indonesia's downstream verticalisation strategy to add value to its "rocks in the ground" has dramatically increased the export value of nickel-based products. As it moves up the value chain in different commodities, this can add material upside to the GDP growth outlook.

Chart 5: Nickel-related products export value increased ~8-fold since 2013 (left); Indonesia is a major producer of nickel, whose derivatives have high export value multiplier (right)

Source: International Trade Center, Haver Analytics, Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research (left); International Trade Center, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, USGS, CEIC, Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research (right).

In light of temporary sluggishness in the domestic economy in 2025, we are finding highly attractive opportunities to own leading quality franchises in Indonesia. Some of these companies are generating dividend yields above 10% and delivering ROE approaching 20%, all while trading at discounted valuations.

Chart 6: Top yielding large cap APAC banks - FY25E yield (%)

Source: BofA Global Research.

Indonesia represents an exciting emerging economy, with a huge population of more than 285 million, rich in sought-after resources. This can support strong economic activity and business earnings into the future, particularly in an inflationary world. Trading at depressed levels of <12x forward P/E, nearly 2 standard deviations below the 15-year mean, and with strong dividend yields in leading larger corporates, now is the time for investors to reconsider Indonesia. These kinds of valuations do not come around often!

Chart 7: Indonesia MSCI Index forward P/E

Source: Citi Research, Bloomberg.

Global equity markets continued their strong run in October. US indices led the charge, buoyed by sustained strength in the 'Magnificent Seven', which saw the NASDAQ and S&P 500 rise +4.7% and 2.3%, respectively. This included Nvidia's market cap surpassing the US$5 trillion valuation. Interestingly, approximately 20% of the S&P 500's YTD increase has been attributable to Nvidia. Outside of the US, the FTSE and Euro Stoxx 50 followed suit, rising +3.9% and 2.4%, respectively.

Domestic markets were more muted than their international counterparts, with the ASX All Ordinaries Accumulation index rising +0.5%. During the month, inflation figures for the September 2025 quarter came in at 3.0% (YoY) vs 2.7% as at the end of the June 2025 quarter. These results were at the top-end of the RBA's target band (2-3%) and higher than expectations. As a result, financial markets have further tempered their rate cut expectations and are now factoring in less than 1 additional rate cut over the next 12 months.

In bond markets, the US 10-year bond yield declined -7 basis points (bp) to 4.08%, whilst its Australian counterpart was largely unchanged at 4.30%. The Australian dollar declined marginally, closing at US$0.655, implying a decrease of 0.7 cents.